The areas near the subway station Río de los Remedios Avenue includes a group of 27 neighborhoods belonging to the municipalities of Ecatepec de Morelos, Nezahualcóyotl and Gustavo A. Madero. In this area, the presence of a second social actor with the capacity to take control of the community can be observed. The main objective of the research was to show the existence and control of the Second State in the aforementioned demarcation, through the analysis of the violence in the area and the performance in the face of crime that the inhabitants have developed. To this end, research was conducted with a mixed approach. Three data collection techniques were used: interview, survey and digital ethnography. All of them were carried out by digital means. Through the information gathered, it could be seen that in the area under study there is a Second State that has generated the creation of a performance in the face of crime, with which the inhabitants adapt their behaviors to avoid being victims of violence. The presence of the Second State has become so commonplace that multiple actions that were originally violent have been normalized and, under certain circumstances, are considered positive. It was noted that the power of the Second Estate cannot be conceived of as being against government authorities, but rather, to a large extent, in articulation with them.

In the field of study of the Social Communication of the 21st century, the relevance of the inquiry about discursive practices becomes visible; while it manifests itself as a phenomenon of saying and doing. Hence the need for an academic approach to the contributions generated internally from Discourse Analysis as a methodology and to what the discipline of Social Communication has based on the construction and deconstruction of contemporary discursive objects; demarcated by the social use of new technologies and applicable to the fields of action and objects of the social communication professional. The objective of the research was to establish a set of contents on Discourse Analysis and its most current trends in dialogue with the contents of the spatialities of social communication that must be considered for the training process of these future professionals. The methodology used is based on the foundations of dialectical materialism and grounded theory. The analysis of scientific discourse and the bibliographical-documentary review are the fundamental techniques. The main nuclei of knowledge that allow articulating the studies of discourse with the professional training of the Social Communicator in Cuba are found in the matrices of the theories of social communication, the basic languages and the agendas and supports (discursive genres) of the specialty. In these are the foundations so that Discourse Analysis can be contextualized to the specific signification spaces of social communication.

Activities related to research in underdeveloped countries require not only knowledge but also effort, work and dedication. The objective of this research is to identify the areas in which the researchers work and the effect of specific responsibilities such as: home; the relationship with the partner; children and family affect their performance. This research was carried out using a methodology with a qualitative, exploratory methodological approach, applying an instrument that was validated by experts and cross-sectional, the sample was qualitative for convenience. The study group were women, academics and scientists, who carry out research activities at UNAM and to whom the instrument was applied. This was placed on an application to be answered online. For its evaluation and interpretation, a Likert scale was applied. One of the main findings was that more than 90% of the women who answered the questionnaire showed higher levels of stress than normal. Other results were that social pressure increases among female researchers due to household responsibilities, such as cleaning; childcare and home maintenance. It is concluded that the responsibilities of the home cause conditions that make research work difficult among women who carry out research. One of the main recommendations is to reduce the emotional pressure to which the researchers are exposed to perform their activities in the workplace and improve their mental health to establish healthy family relationships. On the other hand, reconciling research work with home workloads could contribute to making their scientific activity more efficient.

The main problem faced by indigenous craftswomen is the intermediation of their products and the lack of fair remuneration for their creations. In the Central Coastal Region of Oaxaca, the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the economic situation of artisans, since it affected the influx of tourism and sales that traditionally take place face-to-face, giving artisans the opportunity to communicate their emotions and the meaning of their symbols and colors in their work to the final customer. Based on qualitative research through the methodology of ethnography and the semantic differential technique, the context and production systems of indigenous craftswomen are studied to identify the emotions, sensations and symbolic elements that are present in the design and creation of their crafts. Strategies are proposed that allow indigenous craftswomen to venture into e-commerce, contributing to their empowerment in decisión making for the commercialization of their crafts. One of the contributions of this research is the technological tool called Sidisart, with which a database is integrated with the domain of images and key attributes that identify emotions, sensations and symbolic elements of handicrafts. As part of the strategies, it is proposed to consider the database in the emotional design for the innovation of the graphic interface of the electronic commerce of handicraft products and to encourage the emotional interaction that leads to the satisfaction of the final customer.

This article seeks to analyze the voting intention and persuasion used in the campaigns of an emerging local election based on the death of the elected governor in the 2018 electoral process, the most violent of the last 30 years in Puebla, Mexico, and one of the most controversial in the political history of the State, since the result had to be declared valid through the ruling of the judicial authority. Due to the unexpected death of Martha Erika Alonso, the first woman elected in the State, an extraordinary election in 2019 is called for. In this research a panel study was conducted with 5 focus groups with citizens in full exercise of rights in an age of 18 and up to 65 and over; in equal number of men and women, with a formal schooling ranging from 0 to 20 years, in the most representative electoral districts of the State. The questions that guide this text are: what factors shape electoral preferences in an environment of great uncertainty, and what factors condition the vote in a politically worn-out context? The results indicate a low influence of the media and electoral campaigns on the electorate’s voting intention, since the electoral decision of the citizens interviewed was mostly influenced by the social groups to which they belong and the attitudes and beliefs they held before the electoral process.

Every year in the Magical Town of Jerez, Zacatecas has been held since 1824 a festivity that brings together a large number of visitors. This event is the beginning of the celebrations of the Spring Fair which has been declared Intangible Cultural Heritage of the State. This research aims to reveal the perception of women during their daily lives and this celebration. For this year’s issue it received the number of more than 1,500 horsemen which means a significant change in daily life. For this year, despite having been officially canceled, it was carried out generating the visit of 55 thousand people and 821 riders. It is qualitative research applying semi-structured interviews in situ for women users of public space in three main squares of the protected polygon in the Historic Center of the municipality, in two different times: in everyday life and during the aforementioned holiday. As a result, it was identified that in the municipal seat there is an identity of its own that has been preserved and transmitted from generation to generation, including migrants who return every year to celebrate this celebration, in which women are the main promoters of it, however, the celebration is far from what it was, so today they are the ones who begin to put a barrier between what are the traditions and the way in which the Sabbath of Glory is carried out. Is necessary to involve the community in some celebrations cause it is who has to celebrate their festivity.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the polarization produced in the social digital network Twitter in relation to the defense or attack of the figure of the President of Mexico, Andrés Manuel López Obrador, during the operation to arrest Ovidio Guzmán (son of the “ Chapo” Guzmán) raised in the city of Culiacán, Sinaloa, on October 17, 2019, an event known as the “Culiacanazo”. It is intended to verify how public opinion is built from Twitter, through the analysis of the 17 thousand 939 tweets that were produced in this event. The methodology used was based on data mining, as well as tools such as Gephi, for visualization, and R studio, for data processing. In the conclusions, it was possible to verify that there are resources such as boots and false accounts that promote polarization by stakeholders who can use any event to modify public opinion and impose the media agenda.

The media actively participate in framing and codifying public discussion around the current emergency of migrant camps in border cities. The objective of this article is to analyze the construction of diverse narratives about the El Chaparral migrant camp in the city of Tijuana, Mexico, and how they contribute to making the situation of these people in the city more precarious. In their daily work, the news media present a series of perspectives and representations on migration through which the public interpretation of such information is framed. In this sense, using frame analysis on different news stories published locally and nationally regarding the people settled in the camp, discursive mechanisms that create a migrant otherness with no capacity for action were observed: migrants as hostile, stubborn, manipulated and vulnerable people. As part of the discussion, it is analyzed how media representations of migrants are an important element in the precarization process of their lives. In the conclusion it is pointed out that news frames are based on reifying and productivist notions founded on a supposed preexistingorder in the city and become a mechanism of alterification and disempowerment of migrants who need to be subjects of vertical intervention, either to assist them or to exclude them from urban spaces.

The pop culture of entertainment appeals to vast masses of individuals who can share in the same appreciation and enjoyment. Among them are fervent fans, united by a shared passion for a singular narrative. When they coalesce into a fandom, they can achieve remarkable objectives. The Marvel Cinematic Universe exemplifies this phenomenon. Through superheroes and their stories, conveyed across diverse media, it has successfully cultivated a substantial base of enthusiasts over the years, globally recognized. Consequently, the consumption of the entire array of products and experiences offered by this universe is prevalent within this context.

The overarching goal of this research is to comprehensively analyze the influence of the Marvel Cinematic Universe on its fans, aiming to comprehend the impact on their consumption preferences. Moreover, the specific objectives encompass determining the impact of pop culture within the entertainment domain in contemporary society, assessing the evolution of the Marvel Cinematic Universe and its interrelation with fandom. Lastly, the study aims to dissect the influence on consumption preferences among fans of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The contemporary accomplishments within the Marvel Cinematic Universe owe their existence to years of meticulous construction; every facet has been meticulously orchestrated and executed to forge the universe known today—one that has permeated the decisions and experiential aspects of numerous individuals within the franchise.